Portal:Feminism.html

The Feminism Portal

Feminism involves various movements, theories and philosophies which are concerned with the issue of gender difference, that advocate equality for women, and that campaign for women's rights and interests. According to some, the history of feminism can be divided into three waves. The first wave was in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the second was in the 1960s and 1970s and the third extends from the 1990s to the present. Feminist theory emerged from these feminist movements. It manifests through a variety of disciplines such as feminist geography, feminist history and feminist literary criticism.

Feminism has altered predominant perspectives in a wide range of areas within Western society, ranging from culture to law. Feminist activists have campaigned for women's legal rights (rights of contract, property rights, voting rights); for rights to bodily integrity and autonomy, for abortion rights, and for reproductive rights (including access to contraception and quality prenatal care); for protection from domestic violence, sexual harassment and rape; for workplace rights, including maternity leave and equal pay; and against other forms of discrimination.

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Featured article

Thoughts on the Education of Daughters is British feminist Mary Wollstonecraft's first published work. Published in 1787 by her friend Joseph Johnson, Thoughts is a conduct book that offers advice on female education to the emerging British middle class. Although dominated by considerations of morality and etiquette, the text also contains basic child-rearing instructions, such as how to care for an infant. An early version of the modern self-help book, the eighteenth-century British conduct book drew on several literary traditions, such as advice manuals and religious narratives. There was an explosion in the number of conduct books published during the second half of the eighteenth century, and Wollstonecraft took advantage of this burgeoning market when she published Thoughts. However, the book was only moderately successful: it was favourably reviewed, but only by one journal and it was reprinted only once. Although it was excerpted in popular magazines of the time, it was not republished until the rise of feminist literary criticism in the 1970s. The book encourages mothers to teach their daughters analytical thinking, self-discipline, honesty, contentment in their social position, and marketable skills (in case they should ever need to support themselves).

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Credit: Detroit Publishing Co.

A photochrom of an elderly Irish woman using a spinning wheel, a device for spinning thread or yarn from natural or human-made fibers. Manual spinning wheels were likely invented in the 13th century, replacing the earlier spindle and distaff, and remained in use until automated mass production techniques were invented in the Industrial Revolution. Hand-spinning remains a popular handicraft.

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In this month

• March 1918 – First publication of Married Love, an important and influential sex manual by Marie Stopes, a Scottish author, eugenicist, campaigner for women's rights and pioneer in the field of family planning
• March 1976 – First Take Back the Night march was held in Belgium by women attending the International Tribunal on Crimes against Women
• 2 March 1897 – Birth of Shidzue Katō, Japanese feminist who was a pioneer in the birth control movement and one of the first women elected to the Diet of Japan
• 8 March – International Women's Day (pictured) is a day to celebrate the economic, political, and social achievements of women
• 28 March 1794 – Marquis de Condorcet, who died during the French Revolution, argued for free and equal public education as well as for equal rights for women and people of all races

Featured biography

Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon was the Queen Consort of George VI from 1936 until his death in 1952. After her husband's death, she was known as Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother, to avoid confusion with her elder daughter, Elizabeth II. In 1936, she unexpectedly became Queen when her brother-in-law, Edward VIII, suddenly abdicated in order to marry his mistress, the twice-divorced American Wallis Simpson. During World War II, her seemingly indomitable spirit provided moral support to the British public, so much so that, in recognition of her role as a propaganda tool, Adolf Hitler described her as "the most dangerous woman in Europe." After the war, her husband's health deteriorated and she was widowed at the age of 51. With her brother-in-law living abroad and her elder daughter now Queen at the age of 26, when Queen Mary died in 1953, Elizabeth became the senior royal and assumed a position as family matriarch. In her later years, she was a consistently popular member of the British Royal Family, when other members were suffering from low levels of public approval. Only after the illness and death of her own younger daughter, Princess Margaret, did she appear to grow frail. She died six weeks after Margaret, at the age of 101.

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Did you know...

• ... that Lydia Becker (pictured), founder of the Women's Suffrage Journal, was also an amateur botanist and friend of Charles Darwin?
• ... that Johanna Brandt detailed spying for the Boers with her mother in her book Petticoat Commando?
• ... that Mary Hallaren was the first woman to join the United States Army?

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Categories

WikiProjects

• WikiProject Gender Studies
  • Feminism Task Force
• WikiProject LGBT
• WikiProject Human Rights
• WikiProject Sociology
• WikiProject Philosophy
• WikiProject Discrimination

Selected quote

Does feminist mean large unpleasant person who'll shout at you or someone who believes women are human beings? To me it's the latter, so I sign up. — Margaret Atwood

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• Cleanup: A cleanup listing for this project is available, updated by WolterBot. More information...
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• Requested articles: Requested articles on Feminism, Requested articles on Feminist figures
• Stubs: Gender studies stubs, Feminism stubs, Women's rights activist stubs

Featured content

Featured articles: Princess Alice of Battenberg • Alpha Kappa Alpha • Anne of Denmark • Anne of Great Britain • Aradia, or the Gospel of the Witches • Aspasia • Baby Gender Mentor • Bannon, Ann • Barbauld, Anna Laetitia • Barney, Natalie Clifford • But I'm a Cheerleader • Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough • Clarke, Rebecca Helferich • The Country Wife • Bette Davis • Catherine de' Medici • Catherine de' Medici's building projects • Douglas, Marjory Stoneman • Elizabeth I of England • Equal Protection Clause • Fuller, Margaret • Fun Home • Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties of India • Fitzgerald, Zelda • Girl Scouts of the USA • Goldman, Emma • H.D. • Princess Helena of the United Kingdom • I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings • Joan of Arc • Johnson, Joseph • Keaston, Diane • Letters Written in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark • Lives of the Most Eminent Literary and Scientific Men • Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll • Lyon, Elizabeth Bowes • Madlax • Maria: or, The Wrongs of Woman • Mary II of England •Mary: A Fiction • McClintock, Barbara • Menstrual cycle • Noether, Emmy • Pankhurst, Emmeline • The Penelopiad • Hannah Primrose, Countess of Rosebery • Prostitution in the People's Republic of China • Revithi, Stamat • Roe v. Wade • Same-sex marriage in Spain • Shelley, Mary • The Supremes • Tahirih Justice Center • Thoughts on the Education of Daughters • Trimmer, Sarah • Tubman, Harriet • Vanbrugh, John • A Vindication of the Rights of Woman • The Well of Loneliness • Wollstonecraft, Mary • Wong, Anna May • Zinta, Preity

Featured lists: List of defense of marriage amendments to U.S. state constitutions by type • List of Alpha Kappa Alpha sisters • Timeline of Jane Austen • Timeline of Mary Wollstonecraft

Featured topics: Mary Wollstonecraft

Featured portal: Portal:Feminism

Featured pictures: Annie Oakley • Apa Tani tribal women • Charlotte Corday • Elizabeth II • Golda Meir • Joan of Arc • Kutia Khond tribal woman • Lillian Gish • Maiko • Manzanar War Relocation Center during WWII in the US • Mary of Teck • Migrant mother • Patchwork quilt • Rosie the Riveter • Spinner and spinning wheel • Queen Wilhelmina and her daughter Juliana • WWI US Navy recruiting poster • WWII US female aircraft worker • WWII US female factory worker • Zuni girl with pottery

Topics

Feminism

Concepts - Movement · Theory · Film theory · Economics · Sexology · Theology · Women's liberation · Women's movement · Women's rights · Women's studies · Gender equality · Pro-feminism · Anti-feminism

History

Social - Women's history · Feminist history · History of feminism

Suffrage - Suffragette · Women's suffrage · Timeline · New Zealand · United Kingdom · United States

Waves - First · Second · Third

Subtypes - Amazon · Anarchist · Black · Chicana · Christian · Cultural · Cyberfeminism · Difference · Eco · Equality · Equity · Fat · Gender · Global · Individualist · Islamic · Jewish · Lesbian · Liberal · Marxist · New · Postcolonial · Postmodern · Pro-life · Radical · Religious · Separatist · Sex-positive · Socialist · Feminist spirituality · Third world · Transfeminism · Womanism · French feminism

By country - Egypt · France · Indonesia · Iran · Japan · Nepal · Nicaragua · Poland · United Kingdom · United States

Lists - Feminists · Literature · Topics

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